Matrix Subtraction Java Program

This post shows a Java program to subtract two matrices.

When you subtract two matrices you subtract the element at the same index in both matrices so you’ll subtract the element at index (0, 0) in the first matrix with the element at index (0, 0) in the second matrix to get the element at (0, 0) in the resultant matrix. Also note that both of the matrix have to be of the same order for subtraction.

For example– If you are subtracting two 3 X 3 matrices.

Java program for matrix subtraction

import java.util.Scanner;

public class MatrixSubtraction {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.print("Enter number of rows and columns in the matrix : ");
    int row = in.nextInt();
    int column = in.nextInt();
    // First matrix
    int[][] matrix1 = prepareMatrix(row, column);
    
    // Second matrix
    int[][] matrix2 = prepareMatrix(row, column);
    // Subtraction result stored in this matrix
    int subtractMatrix[][] = new int[row][column];
    // Subtraction logic 
    for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < column; j++){
        subtractMatrix[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j];
      }
    }
    
    System.out.println("Subtracted Matrix : " );
    for(int i = 0; i < subtractMatrix.length; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < column; j++){
        System.out.print(" " +subtractMatrix[i][j]+"\t");
      }
      System.out.println();
    }
  }
	
  private static int[][] prepareMatrix(int row, int column){
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.print("Enter elements of Matrix : ");
    int matrix[][] = new int[row][column];
    for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < column; j++){
        matrix[i][j] = sc.nextInt();
      }
    }
    System.out.println("Entered Matrix : " );
    for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < column; j++){
        System.out.print(" " +matrix[i][j]+"\t");
      }
      System.out.println();
    }
    return matrix;
  }
}

Output

Enter number of rows and columns in the matrix :  3 3
Enter elements of Matrix : 1 3 8 2 9 3 0 5 11
Entered Matrix : 
 1	 3	 8	
 2	 9	 3	
 0	 5	 11	

Enter elements of Matrix : 0 2 4 6 7 8 2 3 5
Entered Matrix : 
 0	 2	 4	
 6	 7	 8	
 2	 3	 5
	
Subtracted Matrix : 
 1		1		4	
 -4		2		-5	
 -2		2		6

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Matrix Subtraction Java Program

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